2005
| Index |
| Preface |
| Freshwater Environment |
| Marine Environment |
| Atmospheric Environment |
| Acoustic Environment |
| Solid Wastes |
| Radiation and Radioactive Environment |
| Arable Land/Land Resources |
| Forests |
| Grassland |
| Biodiversity |
| Climate and Natural Disasters |
| Environmental Management |
|
General Situation
1. Water Quality of the Seven Major Rivers
In 2005, the water quality of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Liaohe River was basically the same as the previous year.
Among the 411 surface water monitoring sections in the seven major rivers covered by the National Environmental Monitoring Center (NEMC), those with water quality at Grade I-III, IV-V, and those of the quality inferior to Grade V constituted 41%, 32%, and 27% respectively. Among others, the Pearl River and Yangtze River enjoyed fairly good water quality, Liaohe River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, and Songhua River suffered from poor water quality, and Haihe River was heavily polluted. The major pollutants were ammonia nitrogen, BOD5, permanganate index, and oils.
Comparison of Water Quality in the Seven Major Rivers in 2005
Comparison of Water Quality in the Seven Major Rivers in 2005
Comparison of Water Quality in the Seven Major Rivers in 2005
Among the 100 trans-province sections of the seven major rivers under national environmental monitoring program, 36%, 40%, and 24% fell into Grade I-III, Grade IV-V, or was worse than Grade V respectively. Trans-province river sections of the Haihe River and Huaihe River systems suffered from heavy pollution.
Comparison of Water Quality in Trans-Province Sections of the Seven Major Rivers in 2005
(1) Yangtze River system
Water quality of the Yangtze River system was good at large. 76%, 13%, and 11% of the 104 surface water sections under national monitoring program had water quality at Grade I-III, Grade IV-V or failed to meet Grade V respectively. The major pollutants were oils, ammonia nitrogen and BOD5.
The mainstream of the Yangtze River enjoyed good water quality, and compared with last year, all sections had no remarkable changes in water quality. The mainstream was slightly polluted in Yunnan and Shanghai Sections despite excellent or good water quality in other sections.
In general, the tributaries of the Yangtze River experienced slight pollution. No obvious changes in tributary water quality were observed compared with the previous year. The Yalong River, Jialing River, Hanjiang River, and Wujiang River witnessed excellent water quality, Dadu River, Minjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Yuanjiang River, and Ganjiang River had good water quality (among others, Meishan Section of Minjiang River was heavily polluted, and Nanchang Section of Ganjiang River suffered from moderate pollution), and Tuojiang River was mildly polluted.
Proportions of Varied Water Quality in the Yangtze River System in 2005
The water quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of the Yangtze River was excellent, and that of all the six sections under national monitoring program fell into Grade II. No obvious changes of water quality were observed compared with the previous year.
Trans-province sections of the Yangtze River enjoyed good water quality. Among the 20 sections, 80% had water quality up to Grade I-III, 15% fell into Grade IV-V, and another 5% failed to meet Grade V. Water quality in these sections did not change much compared with last year. The following sections suffered from poor water quality: Chuhe Section and Chahe Section bordering Anhui Province was worse than Grade V, Xindianpu Section of Baihe River in the boundary of Henan and Hebei Province fell into Grade V, Laochi Section of Fujiang River bordering Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality met Grade IV, and Tieluqiao Section of Jinsha River in the boundary of Yunnan and Sichuan Province was of Grade IV. All the other 16 trans-province sections met or were superior to Grade III national water quality standard. Water Quality of Trans-province Sections of the Yangtze River System in 2005
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